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Whipples Disease
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Written by Dr Sebastian Zeki
MCQs for this page
Whipples Disease
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Clinical Features:
W
aisting and weight loss.
H
yperpigmentation.
I
ntestinal pain.
P
leurisy.
P
neumonitis.
L
ymphadenopathy.
E
ncephalopathy.
S
teatorrhoea.
D
iarrhoea.
I
nterstitial nephritis.
S
kin rashes.
E
ye inflammation.
A
thritis.
S
ubcutaneous nodules.
E
ndocarditis.
I
n
t
e
s
t
i
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Written by Dr Sebastian Zeki
Whipple’s Disease
Diagnosis
D2 biopsies are PAS positive.
PCR on
CSF
can give a positive result.
PCR on blood is not good as it gives a high
false +ve result.
Behaves like MAC in AIDS
To grow, macrophages need deactivation
Treat with IFNgamma in chronicity
Organism(35% in saliva and faeces) and IgG found (70%)
in healthy volunteers
MHC II downregulated in intestinal epithelial cells in
infectees.This returns with treatment
Low TH1
Function
Increased TH2
Function
Low CD4/CD8 ratio
More mature
Increased activation
T
Treatment
There is a high relapse rate with tetracycline.
Initially give iv antibiotics known to penetrate blood brain barrier (
eg
ceftriaxone/
penicillin G).
After iv antibiotics give oral for 12 months (eg
doxycycline/
TMP-
SMX).
Pathology....thought to be due to
immune deficiency as evidenced by.....
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